Train-shed



M. H. MCIAIIAIIAII.v

' TRAIN SHED.

APPLICATION FILED rims. IQIB.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

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IIIIIIII" MII I I I Arran/ver NI. H. MCLANAHAN.

TRAIN SHED.y APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9,1918.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHED 3.

M. H. MCLANAHAN.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

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TTOR/VEX UNITED STATES` PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN HAWLEY MOLANAHAN, 0F PHILIDELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIAL mwN-SHED.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

Applicationnled February 9, 1918. Serial No. 216,386.

full, clear, and exact description, re erence.

being had to the accompanyin drawings, which form a part of this speci cation.

The type of train shed now much used is a short span, continuous, low roof shed 1n which the platforms between tracks are lighted by skylights, and the main feature of which is a longitudinal duct over the center of the tracks through which smoke from the locomotive may be ejected directly into the open air. Under favorable weather conditions smoke is thus ejected and remains out of the train shed, but at other times it is blown or floats back through the same duct through which it was ejected, or through parallel ducts, and this returning smoke, combined with steam and other gases remaining under the shed, floats about over the platform to the discomfort and danger of the passengers,

and with a hampering effect upon the use and operation of the shed.

Anotherobjectionable feature of this shed is that because of the lack of ventilation, the heat engendered by `the skylights over the platforms renders the use lof the shed most uncomfortable during thel summer months.

The object of my invention is to provide a train shed which will not be open to the objections specified. While `my invention is of the short span, continuous, low roof type, it has no other important characteristics in common with train sheds now in use. It provides a positive draft which will not only eject the smoke and gases of combustion from locomotives but will also remove from under the shed all escaping steam, odors and heated air or gas. The invention exhibits other novel features and advantages, as will appear .from the following description in connection with the annexed drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a crosssectional view of a shed exhibiting one embodiment of my invention.

2 is a longitudinal view of the same.

Fig. 3 1s a cross-sectional view of a modification.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view-of another modification. Referring, first, to the construction shown in F1 s. 1 and 2: Arranged; between each two a jacent platforms ai is a pair of tracks b., comprising two parallel tracks arranged side by side and preferably depressed below l the level of the platforms. Extending longi tudinally between the two tracks of each pa1r 1s a series Vof arches c, to which, in longitudinal alinement therewith, are secured a series of longitudinal beams d which mayr be extended downward to form longitudina-lly extending partitions dividing the space above adjacent tracks. f

Extending between beams d, at intervals, are transversely extending beams e, and connecting alining cross beams, on oppositel sides of each supporting arch, are struts f. The roof-supporting structure described and shown permits of the employment of comparatively light material, particularly in the transverse construction, adapts the same to be constructed of reinforced concrete and presents a more attractive appearance from the interior thanthe ordinary low roof train shed. The structure described, however, forms no essential part of the present invention.

- The supporting structure described is so shaped as to adapt it to support a roof which, from above each platform, slopes or curves upwardly, adjacent roof sections converging to form a hood h over the tracks, the highest point of the hood being between the tracks. Communicating with the central, or` highest, part of the hood, are vents in the form of a flue having a series of cross partitions, which form in effect a series o f flues extending along the length of the roof. These flues are referably contiguous,

asshown in Fig. 2; here may be a double row of lues, as shown in Fig. 1, or a single row, as shown in Fig. 3, but I do not limit myself to absolutely conti ous flues or to an particular number o rows of ues. The ues are of substantial height, so as to create and maintain a substantial draft. The slope of the roof upward toward these ii'ues directs smoke, gases and hot air to the mouth of the fiues.'

In the common constructionI wherein a longitudinal duct is provided, there is virtually no draft the duct' being a mere slot in the roof. To carry off the smoke and gases, reliance is placed solely upon the location of this duct directly above the center of the track and upon zthe natural tendency, under normal conditions, for such smoke and gases to rise. By extending the side walls of a duct of4 this character a substantial distance above the roof, even without cross partitions, a narrow elongated flue 1s created which tends to create and mamtain a decided draft, and my invention does. not necessarily involve the use of the cross-pan titions shown; but the use of the cross-partitions greatly enhances the drawing effect of the iiue, it being a fact thata plurality of lues of a given total area creates a much better draft than a single flue of the same, or even of somewhat greater area. For the same reason a double row of ues is preferred. While I have shown the .flues as of circular shape in cross-sectlon, 1t 1s 'obvious that other shapes will be found effective.

I prefer not to have the roof extend upward smoothly and unbrokenly from above the center of the platform to the flues z', but to shape the roof'with an abrupt rise at the junction of the platform roof or ceiling with the hood. Each side of the hood has thus a side wall connectin its peaked top with the platform roof. elow and 1n line with each side wall of the hood 1s a deflector la, which is provided with an opening 'm adjacent to the roof to allow the ree passage of air from the platform. This deflector directs the smoke, gases and hot air into the hood and toward the flues. The opening or throat m will quicken the natural air currents along its extension, directly ventilato the under side of the platform roof and aid in directing the smoke, gases and hot air into, and confining them within, the hood until they escape by way of the iues. The rise in the roof just above and in line with the deector aids the draft at the throat m and prevents smoke ejected under pressure from being temporarily puffed back under the platform roof. The rise in the roof along this line also prevents the possibility of cinders rebounding and alighting upon the platform. j

The platform is provided with a double roof ofl vault light construction, the under roof n being of glass and in the form of an inverted curve, while the upper roof` o, also of glass, and spaced a considerable distance above the lower roof, is pitched from a central ridge to provide drainage for rain and snow. The spaces between the skyforms continuous at the junction of thc the roof of the hood a laterally extending hollow frame s, whose lower face slopes upward from its longitudinal center line toward each side, whereby additional currents of air will be directed toward the space above the center lines of the tracks. The top surface of the frame .s' gutters or catch-basins q for collecting soot and cinders.

That part of the deflector c below the strut f may be made removable in order to provide space for the pantograph in the event of the future use of the shed for electric trains.

The construction shown in Fig. 3 is similar to that shown in Fig. l, and is similarly lettered, with the following exceptions. Only a single row of flues t is provided. The longitudinal partition d is dispensed with and two of every three successive cross-beams u are hung direct from the arches c, the third cross-beam, which is located directly over the junction of two adjacent arches, being supported from an upright.

In the construction shown in Fig. 4, the lines of arches w are located along the longitudinal center lines of the platforms. The cross-beams ai curve upward from their supportlng arches toward the space above a llne midway between the two tracks. Struts y reinforce the cross-beams and permit of the use of light material in the transverse construction.

In all the figures the space over the tracks between the cross-beams and struts is closed by means of partitions .e dividing the hood 1nto compartments, whereby possible disturbances of draft by longitudinal air currents will be prevented and the heat and gases from the locomotives will be locally confined, thus increasing the draft action of theflues. Supported from the crossbeams 1s a partition Q, which divides each compartment of the hood longitudinally, thls partition being extended upward to div1de t he flues into two rows. Beneath the partition g is positioned an inclosed longitudinally extending hollow frame 7' performlng the function of the similarly lolIO ' cated hollow frame in Fig. 1. The lower face of frame j slopes upward fromits 1ongitudinal center line toward each side, to direct the air currents upwardly from between the tracks toward the space above the longitudinal center line of each track.

In all the constructions, I provide, between each platform base and the'adjacent track base, a groove or gutter 5 and build the platform so that it overhangsthis gutter. The depth of the gutter is sufficient to permit car inspectors to walk along the same', While the train .is standing lin the shed and receiving 4and discharging passenfrers and ba gage. i

IIaving now ully described my inventlon, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. A train shed comprising a roof provided with a longitudinally arranged row of separate and independent and substantially contiguous flues communicating with the 1nterior of the shed and extendin a substantial distance above the shed roo the upper ends of the lues being unobstructed and opening upwardly.

2. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks andahood extending over both tracks with sides arranged to divert smoke, steam and gases from a locomotive on either track upwardly and inwardly to a central longi tudinally extending duct in the hood extending above the space between the tracks.

3. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks and a hood arranged above the tracks with sides arranged to divert smoke, steam and gases from a locomotive on either track upwardly and inwardly to a longitudinally extending duct in the hood extending above the space between the tracks, and a row of upright fiues communicating `with the hood and opening upwardly so as to .afford a strong draft which assists in the withdrawal from the hood of smoke, steam and gases discharged thereinto.

4. A train shed comprising a roof and two parallel, contiguous rows of separate and independent flues, said rows of iiues extending longitudinally of the shed and extendin a substantial distance above the shed roo 5. A train shed comprising a pair of parallel tracks, and aroof sloping upward from above each track toward the space between and above the tracks and there provided with a duct for the discharge of smoke and gases.

6; A train shed comprising a pair of parallel tracks, a roof provided with a centrally located duct above the s ace between the tracks, and means to de ect smoke, gases arranged above the space between the tracks and overhangng bothtracks, and a row of separate upright flues communicating at thsir lower ends with' the hood between its s1 es.

8. A train shed comprsin la pair o'f tracks, and a hood, having a uct centrally` vbetween the tracks for escape of smoke and gases, arranged above the space between, and overhangng, the tracks and provided with downwardly extending side walls positioned outside thel longitudinal center` tween the tracks and there provided with\ a duct for the escape of smoke and gases,

the sides of the hood extending downward and forming smoke and gas deflectors.

10. A train "shed comprising two platforms, a pair of tracks between the platforms, and a roof sloping upward from` each platform to the space above and betweenv the tracks, the roof being there provlded with a duct for the escape of smoke and gases.

11. A train shed comprising a platform, a pair of tracks, and a roof slopin upward from the platform to the space a ove and between the tracks and there provided with a duct for the escape of steam and ases, said roof being offset to form ana rupt rise above the space between the center line of the track and the platform to prevent smoke ejected under pressure from being puffed back over the platform.

12. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks, a platform, a roof extending over the platform and shaped to form a hood above the tracks, the hood-being provided with a discharge duct between the inner railsv of the tracks, and a longitudinal deliector vextending downward from the roof above the space between the centerline of the track and the platform.

13. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks, a platform, a roof sloping upward toward the space above and between the tracks and provided with a discharge duct, said roof having an abrupt raise along a longitudinal line between the center line of a track and the adjacent platform, and a deflector extending below the platform roof in substantial alinement with said raise.

14. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks, a platform, a roof sloping upward toward the space above and between the tracks and provided with a discharge duct, said roof having an abrupt raise along a longitudinalline between the center line of y ofthe hood,

a track and the adjacent platform, and a deflector extending below the platform roof in substantial alinement with said raise and provided with a longitudinally extending opening to allow Ventilating and smoke and gas deliecting currents of air to flow from below the platform roof into the hood.

l5. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks, a hood arranged to overhang the tracks and provided with a discharge duct above the space between the tracks, and a partition within the hood extending longitudinally above l the space between the tracks.

16. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks, a hood arranged to overhang both tracks, a partition within the hood extending longitudinally above the space between the tracks, two contiguous rows of flues above and communicating with the interior one row of ues being arranged on one side of said partition and the other row on the other side of said partition.

17. A train shed comprising a pair of tracks, a hood arranged to overhang the tracks' and provided with a discharge duct above the space between the tracks, a partition within the hood extending longitudi- .nally above the space between the tracks, and a frame projecting laterally on both sides of the lower part o f the partition and having a lowerl face inclined upward toward its opposite edges.

18. A train shed comprising a platform, a pair of tracks, a hood above the tracks having a discharge duct above the space between the tracks, and a double Skylight above the platform, the roof of the hood sloping upwardly toward the discharge duct, the lower skylight slopin upward toward the hood, and the upper s light sloping downward toward the roof of the hood.

19. A train shed comprising pairs of tracks alternating with parallel platforms, a roof comprising double skylights overhanging the platforms and hoods overlying the tracks, the hoods each having Aa roof sloping upward from each side towardits longitudinal center, there being a delecting offset between each lower skylight and each adjacent hood roof, lengthwise extendin deectors arranged beneath said offsets and provided with openings adjacent the side edge of the lower skylight, and a lengthwise extending row of flues arranged between each pair of tracks and extending substantially above the peak of the hood.

In testimony of ywhich invention, I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, Pa., on this 7th day of February, 1918.

MARTIN HAWLEY McLANAHAN. 

